Special optical materials

一．ZnSe single crystal

Due to very wide transmission range covering 0.48-22 µm, Zinc selenide is the most popular material for infrared applications. ZnSe single crystal as a high optical quality material is used to manufacture optical components (windows, mirrors, lenses) for high power IR lasers and other IR optical system and as window and dome of IR senor. Due to transparent range include visible, near infrared ,middle infrared, far infrared, It can reduce weight and volume of IR detector modular.

 

 

1、Infrared transmittance

2.Crystal properties

Crystal system

晶类

Crystal type

Crystal lattice parameterÅ

Cleavage

a

c

Cube

3m

5.668

a

Complete（110）

3.Optical properties

ne

nF`-nC`

n10.6

n8.0-n12.5

2.6645

0.1841

2.4034

0.0285

At l=3.39µm, the temperature coefficient of refractive index（in the range of±60℃），10-5℃-1

6.00~6.30

3.1. Internal transmittance

l, µm

0.5

1.0

3.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10

12

15

20

ti(l）

0.65

0.76

0.94

0.97

0.97

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.98

0.90

0.16

3.2.Infrared refrective index

l, µm

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

ti(l）

2.4894

2.4462

2.4376

2.4331

2.4296

2.4258

2.4219

 

l, µm

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

12.5

15.0

ti(l）

2.4176

2.4123

2.4076

2.4006

2.3936

2.3891

2.3662

 

4.Mechaics property

Density（20℃）

g/cm3

Mohs hardness

Micro-hardness，107Pa

Elastic constant

10-12Pa-1

 

S11

S12

S44

5.26

4

117

22.54

-8.47

27.03

Elastic modulus E，1010Pa，

In direction:

Cut modulus G，1010Pa，In flat：

Crosswise deformation coefficience

n

<100>

<111>

(100)

(111)

4.43

9.22

1.98

3.70

0.376

 

Optical stress coefficient

Elastic constant

Piezoelectric optical contant（l=0.632µm），10-12Pa-1

（l=0.632µm，10-12Pa-1）

B1

B2

C1

C2

p11

p12

p44

8.69

11.73

10.51

-1.82

-1.21

0.21

-1.35

5.Thermal physics properties

Linear expansion temperature coefficient

at×106，℃-1

Thermal conductivity

w/(m×℃)

Specific heat

103J/（Kg×℃）

Melting point

℃

In the range of±60℃

At 25～300℃

At 25℃

1520±15

6.4~7.6

16.9

0.3550

6.Chemical durability

Dissolvability

In water（20℃），g/100cm3

In acid

In organic solvent

no

yes

no

二.Infrared glass through broad -wavelength 

（1）. Middle infrared glass

Middle infrared glass include silica system, germinate system, calcium aluminate system. Transparent range 0.3~5μm, with high IR transparent, high strength, high hardness, high optical homogenization, it can be used as IR dome and IR optical component. Most size is up to φ250mm as IR dome. For air vehicle which speed less than 3 Mach number, Middle infrared glass with high cost performance.

 

Ⅰ、Properties of IRB11

 

文本框: IRB11

1、          Infrared properties

1.1 Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 


1.2 Transmittance curve with the change of temperature

2 Thermal  properties

Tg（℃）                            749

Ts（℃）                              800

Expansion coefficient( α100/300℃)：             70.5×10-7/k

3.Mechanical properties

Knoop hardness(20℃，)  ：                  670 kgf /mm2

Bend strength(20℃～260℃，MPa)：         68.3

Compression strength(20℃～260℃，MPa)：         76.8

Bend elastic modulus(20℃～260℃，GPa)：     80.3

4. Chemical properties

Acid resistance  2  class

Water resisitanc ：     3 class

5.Others

Density（g/cm3）：  3.2

6. Infrared refractive index

λ(μm)

Refractive index

2.4

1.6361

2.6

1.6359

2.8

1.6358

3

1.6357

3.2

1.6356

3.4

1.6355

3.6

1.6354

3.8

1.6354

4

1.6353

4.2

1.6353

4.4

1.6353

4.6

1.6352

4.8

1.6352

5

1.6352

Ⅱ. P roperties of IRB21

文本框: IRB21

1、          Infrared properties

1.1 Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.2 Transmittance curve with the change of temperature

2.Thermal properties

Tg（℃）                            750

Expansion coefficient ( α100/300℃)：             86.2×10-7/k

3.Mechanical properties

Knoop hardness(20℃，)  ：                  650 kgf /mm2

Bend strength(20℃～260℃，MPa)：        93.6

Compression strength (20℃～260℃，MPa)：        80.5

Bend elastic modulus(20℃～260℃，GPa)：    95.8

4.Chemical properties

Acid resistance ：     1 class

Water resistance ：     4 class

5、Others

Density（g/cm3）：  3.1

6.Infrared refractive index

λ(μm)

Refractive index

2.4

1.6604

2.6

1.6602

2.8

1.6601

3

1.6600

3.2

1.6599

3.4

1.6598

3.6

1.6597

3.8

1.6596

4

1.6596

4.2

1.6596

4.4

1.6595

4.6

1.6595

4.8

1.6595

5

1.6594

Ⅲ、IRB31

文本框: IRB31

1、          Infrared properties

1.1 Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


1.2 Transmittance curve with the change of temperature

2、Thermal properties

Tg（℃）                            490

Ts（℃）                             530

Expansion coefficient( α100/300℃)：            71.3×10-7/k

3.Mechanical properties

Knoop hardness(20℃，kgf /mm2)  ：            350

Bend strength (20℃～260℃，MPa)：          43.36

Compression strength(20℃～260℃，MPa)：          103

Bend elastic modulus (20℃～260℃，GPa)：      57                                                   

4、Chemical properties

Acid resistance ：     4 class

Water resistance ：     1class

5 Others

Density （g/cm3）： 5.3

6.Infrared refractive index

λ(μm)

　Refractive index

2.4

1.8203

2.6

1.8198

2.8

1.8194

3

1.8189

3.2

1.8187

3.4

1.8186

3.6

1.8184

3.8

1.8183

4

1.8182

4.2

1.8182

4.4

1.8181

4.6

1.8180

4.8

1.8179

5

1.8179

Ⅴ.IRB41

文本框: IRB41
 


 

1、          Infrared properties

1.1 Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 


1.2 Transmittance curve with the change of temperture

2、Thermal properties

Tg（℃）                            717

Ts（℃）                             764

Expansion coefficient( α100/300℃)：             62.9×10-7/k

3.Mechanical properties

Knoop hardness(20℃，kgf /mm2)  ：583

Bend strength(20℃～260℃，MPa)：82.7

Compression strength (20℃～260℃，MPa)：115

Bend elastic modulus (20℃～260℃，GPa)：83

4、Chemical properties

Acid resistance ：     2 class

Water resistance ：     4 class

5、Others

Density（g/cm3）： 3.4

6、Infrared refractive index

λ(μm)

　Refractive index

2.4

1.6456

2.6

1.6454

2.8

1.6453

3

1.6452

3.2

1.6451

3.4

1.6450

3.6

1.6449

3.8

1.6449

4

1.6448

4.2

1.6448

4.4

1.6448

4.6

1.6447

4.8

1.6447

5

1.6447

（2）、Far infrared glass

Far infrared glass is made of the components Ge-As-Se-Sb. Its excellent transmission, low thermal change in refractive index and its dispersion make it easier for optical designers to develop color corrected IR optical systems free from thermal defocusing. It is also ideal in combination with other infrared materials.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ⅰ、IRB51

1、    Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


2、Others

§  Component:                      As-Se-Sb-Sn                                           

§  Density（ρ）g/cm3:                  4.72                                        

§  Thermal expansion coefficient(α):                   197×10-7/℃

§  Transformation temperature (Tg):           150℃

§  Softening temperature (Tf):                     190 ℃

§  Knoop hardness（HK）:                   115 kgf /mm2

§  Young’s modulus（E）:                    18.68Gpa

§  Thermal coefficient of refractive index(dn/dT）:             46 x10-6/K(10.6μm)

3、Infrared refractive index

§  wavelength（um)       refractive index

§  3.0                  2.7879

§  5.0                  2.7804

§  7.0                  2.7752

§  8.0                  2.7728

§  9.0                  2.7703

§  1.0                  2.7675

§  11.0                 2.7645

§  12.0                 2.7612

§  13.0                 2.7579

Ⅱ、IRB61

1、Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 


2、其他性能

§  成分:                   Ge-As-Se

§  Density（ρ）:             4.42g/cm3

§  Thermal expansion coefficient(α):      112×10-7/℃

§  Specific heat(Cp):

§  Thermal conductivity:

§  Transformation temperature (Tg):          370℃

§  Sag temperature(Ts): :         408 ℃

§  Knoop hardness（HK）:         150kgf /mm2

§  Temperature coefficient of refractive index:72 x10-6/K(10.6μm)

§  10.0um refractive index：          2.4977

Ⅲ、IRB62

1、Infrared transmittance

 

 


1、Infrared transmittance

 

1、Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2、Others

§  Component :                   Ge-As-Se

§  Density（ρ）:             4.42g/cm3

§  Thermal expansion coefficient(α):         112×10-7/℃

§  Specific heat(Cp):

§  Thermal conductivity:

§  Transformation temperature (Tg):          370℃

§  Sag temperature(Ts): :         408 ℃

§  Knoop hardness（HK）:         150kgf /mm2

§  Temperature coefficient of refractive index: 72 x10-6/K(10.6μm)

§  10.0um refractive index：          2.4977

Ⅴ、IRB63

1、Infrared transmittance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


2、Others

§  Component:                               Ge-Sb-Se

§  Density（ρ）:                         4.42g/cm3

§  Thermal expansion coefficient(α):                     154×10-7/℃

§  Specific heat(Cp):

§  Thermal conductivity:

§  Transformation temperature (Tg):                      266℃

§  Sag temperature(Ts):                       340 ℃

§  Knoop hardness（HK）:                    137kgf /mm2

§  Temperature coefficient of refractive index:                    58x10-6/K(10.6μm)

§  10.0um refractive index:                      2.5842

2、    Infrared refractive index

wavelength（um)     refractive index

3.0                  2.7879

5.0                  2.7804

7.0                  2.7752

8.0                  2.7728

9.0                  2.7703

1.0                  2.7675

11.0                 2.7645

12.0                 2.7612

13.0                 2.7579

 

 

 

三、Zero expansion glass ceramic

The thermal expansion coefficient of Zero expansion glass ceramic is nearly zero. It has a completely non-directional, isotropic structure. As the crystalline and glass phases have chemical characteristics and hardness similar to those of optical glass, Zero expansion glass ceramic can be processed using the same machines and tools as optical and technical glass (e.g. cutting, grinding and polishing). It can be used as component of gyroscope, lithographic and metrology, and window of high temperature equip.

 

properties

uint

Standard value

Thermal expansion coefficient

（20～420℃）

×10-7/℃

2.5～6.0

Temperature range of 0~1.5×10-7／℃

℃

25±20

transmittance（10mm）

％

≥50％

nD

×10-3

1.535±5

nF－nC

×10-4

0.0102±3

Specific gravity

g/cm3

2.457

Micro-hardness

N/m2

860×9.8

During grinding,ratio toBK7of hardness

/

1.78

Specific heat

Kcal/kg.grad

0.22

Thermal conductivity

Kcal/m.h.grad

1.02

Temperature conductivity

m2/h

1.9×10-3

Heat stability

℃

545

Heat stability under load

℃

930

Fluid temperature

℃

1100

Dielectric constant（25℃，106Hz）

/

8.7

Dielectric constant（25℃，1010Hz）

/

6.83

Dielectric loss（106Hz）

×10-4

280

Dielectric loss（1010Hz）

×10-4

619

Water absorbtion

％

0.02

 

四、Neodymium-doped phosphate laser glass

Composition of laser glass can be changed in wide range, so it can be made glass with different performance. glass-based materials are most often used in commercial and industrial energy solid-state lasers, as well as for the medical industry in cosmetic, eye and laser surgical procedures. Glass for laser applications can be supplied as slabs, cut blanks, rods, plates, and disks.